Only a completed transfer at an Earth station changes the price of energy. SSI deliveries move the legal price. Marauder deliveries move the black-market price. When the legal price drops, the domes buy the surplus, the slums go without power, and stolen energy pays more. Selling into a flood is how that premium disappears.
Cash stays on the ship until it is banked at home. Until then, any opposing ship in Earth's inner or outer orbit can attack. Leaving Earth orbit ends the hunt. Orbits of other planets and moons are not combat zones. That is why a contractor lives beside Earth, on the Moon, rather than in Earth's orbit.
Banked cash is spent at other bodies, on the materials they yield. Two pilots docked at the same base can trade materials. A base does not pay cash for materials. Cash comes from energy sold at Earth, or from cash taken off a beaten ship.